白梅
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元代]：王冕
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冰雪林中著此身，不同桃李混芳尘。
白梅译文及注释
译文
白梅生长在有冰有雪的树林之中，并不与桃花李花混在一起，沦落在世俗的尘埃之中。
忽然间，这一夜清新的香味散发出来，竟散作了天地间的万里新春。
注释
著：放进，置入。此身：指白梅。
混：混杂。芳尘：香尘。
清香发：指梅花开放，香气传播。
乾坤：天地。
白梅创作背景
在封建时代，王冕是一个品格高洁的文人。他出身农家，以力学成名，因鄙薄污浊的上层社会，不求仕进，以布衣终老。在他的笔下，洁白的梅花在冰雪中凌寒开放，不与红尘中的桃李为伍。
参考资料：
1、孙映逵．《群芳百咏》：书目文献出版社，1983年：第102页
白梅鉴赏
从诗歌大的构思技巧来看，这是一首“托物言志”之作，诗人以梅自况，借梅花的高洁来表达自己坚守情操，不与世俗同流合污的高格远志。在具体表现手法中，诗歌将混世芳尘的普通桃李与冰雪林中的白梅对比，从而衬托出梅花的素雅高洁。通过阅读与分析，我们便知这首的主要的艺术手法是：托物言志，对比衬托。
“冰雪林中著此身”，就色而言，以“冰雪”形“此身”之“白”也；就品性而言，以“冰雪”形“此身”之坚忍耐寒也，诗人运用拟人手法，将梅树比作自己。已经表现白梅的冰清玉洁，接着就拿桃李作反衬。夭桃秾李，花中之艳，香则香矣，可惜争春太苦，未能一尘不染。“不同桃李混芳尘”的“混芳尘”，是说把芳香与尘垢混同，即“和其光，同其尘”、“和光同尘，不能为皎皎之操。”相形之下，梅花则能迥异流俗，所以“清香”二字，只能属梅，而桃李无份。
“忽然一夜清香发，散作乾坤万里春”。也许只是诗人在灯下画了一枝墨梅而已。而诗句却造成这样的意向：忽然在一夜之中，全世界的白梅齐放，清香四溢，玉宇澄清。这首诗给人以品高兼志大，绝俗而又入世的矛盾统一的感觉，这又正是王冕人格的写照。
前两句写梅花冰清玉洁，傲霜斗雪，不与众芳争艳的品格。后两句借梅喻人，写自己的志趣、理想与抱负，讴歌了为广大民众造福的英雄行为及牺牲精神。本文通过对梅花的吟咏描写，表达了诗人自己的志趣和品格。
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李清照《
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临江仙·梅》
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史达祖《
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留春令·咏梅花》
王冕简介
唐代·王冕的简介
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元代诗人、文学家、书法家、画家王冕，字元章，号煮石山农，浙江诸暨人。出身农家。幼年丧父，在秦家放牛，每天利用放牛的时间画荷花，晚至寺院长明灯下读书，学识深邃，能诗，青团墨梅。隐居九里山，以卖画为生。画梅以胭脂作梅花骨体，或花密枝繁，别具风格，亦善写竹石。兼能刻印，用花乳石作印材，相传是他始创。著有《竹斋集》《墨梅图题诗》等。
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