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学习字典成语词典四面楚歌四面楚歌的故事
四面楚歌的成语故事

拼音sì miàn chǔ gē
基本解释四面都是楚人的歌声。后用来比喻四面受敌;处于孤立无援的处境。
出处《史记 项羽本纪》:“项王军壁垓下,兵少食尽,汉军及诸侯兵围之数重。夜闻汉军四面皆楚歌,项王乃大惊,曰:‘汉皆已得楚乎?是何楚人之多也。’”〖示例〗在这四面楚歌里,凭你怎样伶牙俐齿,也只得服从了。 ★朱自清《航船中的文明》
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四面楚歌的典故
项羽和刘邦原来约定以鸿沟(在今河南荣县境贾鲁河)东西边作为界限,互不侵犯。后来刘邦听从张良和陈平的规劝,觉得应该趁项羽衰弱的时候消灭他,就又和韩信、彭越、刘贾会合兵力追击正在向东开往彭城(即今江苏徐州)的项羽部队。终于布置了几层兵力,把项羽紧紧围在垓下(在今安徽灵璧县东南)。这时,项羽手下的兵士已经很少,粮食又没有了。夜里听见四面围住他的军队都唱起楚地的民歌,不禁非常吃惊地说:“刘邦已经得到了禁地了吗?为什么他的部队里面楚人这么多呢?”说看,心里已丧失了斗志,便从床上爬起来,在营帐里面喝酒;并和他最宠爱的妃子虞姬一同唱歌。唱完,直掉眼泪,在旁的人也非常难过,都觉得抬不起头来。一会,项羽骑上马,带了仅剩的八百名骑兵,从南突围逃走。边逃边打,到乌江畔自刎而死。因为这个故事里面有项羽听见四周唱起楚歌,感觉吃惊,接看又失败自杀的情节,所以以后的人就用“四面楚歌”这句话,形容人们遭受各方面攻击或逼迫的人事环境,而致陷于孤立窘迫的境地。凡是陷于此种境地者,其命运往往是很悲惨的,例如某人因经常与坏人为伍,不事生产,游手好闲;但后来却破那些坏人逼迫的无以为生,求助于别人时,别人也应他平日行为太坏,绝不同情更不理睬,这人所处的境地便是“四面楚歌”。又如学校里讨论学术问题,其学生不学无术(成语,意即没有学术)、信口雌黄、颠倒是非,同学们群起而攻之,这学生便完全处于孤立地位,这也可叫做“四面楚歌”。在我们的人生历程上,在我们的日常生活中,好好的做人,脚踏实地的做事,若是行差踏错,就未免要遭受“四面楚歌”的厄运了。
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※ 与(四面楚歌)相关的成语及历史出处:
| 成语 | 历史出处 |
|---|---|
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/wwwroot/xuexizidian/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 165 士别三日,刮目相待 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/wwwroot/xuexizidian/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 166 晋 陈寿《三国志 吴志 吕蒙传》:“遂拜蒙母,结友而别”南朝 宋 裴松之注:“士别三日,即更刮目相待。” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/wwwroot/xuexizidian/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 165 为民请命 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/wwwroot/xuexizidian/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 166 西汉 司马迁《史记 淮阴侯列传》:“因民之欲,西向为百姓请命,则天下风走而响应矣,孰敢不听!” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/wwwroot/xuexizidian/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 165 故家乔木 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/wwwroot/xuexizidian/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 166 《儒林外史》第四回:“余大先生道:‘自古说:“故家乔木。”果然不差。就如尊府这灯,我县里没不第二副。’” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/wwwroot/xuexizidian/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 165 陈言务去 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/wwwroot/xuexizidian/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 166 唐 韩愈《答李翊书》:“惟陈言之务去,戛戛乎其难哉!” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/wwwroot/xuexizidian/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 165 杀鸡取卵 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/wwwroot/xuexizidian/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 166 希腊《伊索语言 生金蛋的鸡》:一个蠢人想杀了鸡从鸡肚子里取出金块,从而一下子发大财,结果却一无所得 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/wwwroot/xuexizidian/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 165 三人行,必有我师 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/wwwroot/xuexizidian/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 166 先秦 孔子《论语 述而》:“三人行,必有我师焉,择其善者而从之,其不善者而改之。” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/wwwroot/xuexizidian/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 165 安于现状 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/wwwroot/xuexizidian/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 166 王朝闻《论凤姐》第11章:“这样的梦境,与我那不安于现状又不能改变现状的生活实际有关。” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/wwwroot/xuexizidian/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 165 推三阻四 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/wwwroot/xuexizidian/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 166 元 无名氏《鸳鸯被》第一折:“非是我推三、推三阻四;这事情应难、应难造次。” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/wwwroot/xuexizidian/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 165 经纬天下 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/wwwroot/xuexizidian/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 166 《史记·秦始皇本纪》:“普施明法,经纬天下,永为仪则。” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/wwwroot/xuexizidian/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 165 土木形骸 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /home/wwwroot/xuexizidian/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 166 《晋书 嵇康传》:“身长七尺八寸,美词气,有风仪,而土木形骸,不自藻饰。” |